What is the mechanism of action of lipase?

First, lipase recognizes and binds to the surface of fat molecules (usually triglycerides) through its specific structure.

Then, the active site of lipase interacts with the ester bond of the fat molecule. This active site usually contains some key amino acid residues that can promote the chemical reaction.

Next, lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bonds, gradually breaking down triglycerides into diglycerides, monoglycerides, and finally glycerol and fatty acids.

In this process, lipase undergoes conformational changes to adapt to the binding of substrates and the progress of reactions.